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Extended virtual pipes for the stable and real-time simulation of small-scale shallow waterFrançois Dagenais, Julián Guzmán, Valentin Vervondel, Alexander Hay, Sébastien Delorme, David Mould, and Eric Paquette,Computers & Graphics, Vol. 76, pages 84-95, Nov. 2018. |
We propose an approach for real-time shallow water simulation, building upon the virtual pipes model with multi-layered heightmaps. Our approach introduces the use of extended pipes that are capable of resolving flows through fully flooded passages, which is not possible using current multi-layered techniques. We extend the virtual pipe method with a physically-based viscosity model that is both fast and stable. Our viscosity model is integrated implicitly without the expense of solving a large linear system. Despite the few simplifications necessary to achieve a real-time viscosity model, we show that our new viscosity model produces results that match the behavior of an offline fluid-implicit particle (FLIP) simulation for various viscosity values. The liquid is rendered as a triangular mesh surface built from a heightmap. We propose a novel surface optimization approach that prevents interpenetrations of the liquid surface with the underlying terrain geometry. To improve the realism of small-scale scenarios, we present a meniscus shading approach with a view-dependent adjustment of the liquid surface normals based on a distance field. Our implementation runs in real time on various scenarios of roughly 10 x 10 cm at a resolution of 0.5 mm, with up to five layers.
@Article{Dagenais:2018:CG,
author = "Fran{\c{c}}ois Dagenais and Juli\'{a}n Guzm\'{a}n and Valentin Vervondel and Alexander Hay and S\'{e}bastien Delorme and David Mould and Eric Paquette",
title = "Extended virtual pipes for the stable and real-time simulation of small-scale shallow water",
journal = "Computers & Graphics",
volume = "76",
pages = "84--95",
year = {2018},
DOI = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2018.08.005}
}
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